Object Details
Artist
Duncan Styles
Sitter
Stephen Arnold Douglas, 23 Apr 1813 - 3 Jun 1861
Exhibition Label
Born Brandon, Vermont
One of the most powerful, controversial politicians of his day, Illinois Senator Stephen A. Douglas championed U.S. expansion into western lands inhabited by Native Americans. But his goal of broad, westward settlement was hampered by debates over slavery. While introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854, he cried from the Senate floor, “You cannot fix bounds to the onward march of this great and growing country. You cannot fetter the limbs of the young giant.”
Seeking consensus, Douglas developed the theory of “popular sovereignty,” which permitted settlers to decide for themselves, by vote, the status of slavery in new western territories. Under pressure from proslavery Southern Democrats, Douglas advocated to repeal the 1820 Missouri Compromise, which had outlawed slavery from the region. Consequently, fighting erupted in Kansas, between proslavery and antislavery factions, and this violence helped ignite the Civil War (1861–65). Douglas lost the 1860 presidential election to Abraham Lincoln and died the following year.
Nacido en Brandon, Vermont
Stephen A. Douglas, senador de Illinois, fue uno de los políticos más poderosos y polémicos de su época, promotor de la expansión estadounidense hacia tierras del oeste habitadas por nativos americanos. Pero su meta de ampliar la colonización se vio afectada por debates en torno a la esclavitud. Al presentar la Ley de Kansas-Nebraska en 1854, proclamó en el Senado: “No se puede fijar límites al avance de este gran país en crecimiento. No se puede encadenar a este joven gigante”.
En busca de consenso, Douglas desarrolló la teoría de la “soberanía popular”, que permitía a los colonos decidir ellos mismos, por voto, la cuestión de la esclavitud en los nuevos territorios. Presionado por demócratas esclavistas sureños, abogó por revocar el Compromiso de Misuri de 1820, que prohibía la esclavitud en la región. Esto produjo choques violentos en Kansas entre facciones en pro y en contra de la esclavitud, precipitando la Guerra Civil (1861– 65). Douglas perdió las elecciones presidenciales de 1860 ante Abraham Lincoln, y murió al año siguiente.
Provenance
Ruth Newell Upson; inherited by Anna Barnes [Mrs. R.L.Barnes], Jacksonville, Florida; purchased 1970 NPG.
Credit Line
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
Date
1860
Object number
NPG.70.42
Restrictions & Rights
CC0
Type
Painting
Medium
Oil on canvas
Dimensions
Stretcher: 128.3 x 97.2 x 2.5cm (50 1/2 x 38 1/4 x 1")
Frame: 141.6 x 110.8 x 5.7cm (55 3/4 x 43 5/8 x 2 1/4")
See more items in
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Exhibition
Out of Many: Portraits from 1600 to 1900
On View
NPG, East Gallery 110a
Data Source
National Portrait Gallery
Topic
Printed Material\Document\Scroll
Stephen Arnold Douglas: Male
Stephen Arnold Douglas: Law and Crime\Lawyer
Stephen Arnold Douglas: Politics and Government\Presidential candidate
Stephen Arnold Douglas: Politics and Government\Government official\US Senator\Illinois
Stephen Arnold Douglas: Politics and Government\Government official\State Legislator\Illinois
Stephen Arnold Douglas: Politics and Government\Government official\US Congressman\Illinois
Stephen Arnold Douglas: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Illinois
Portrait
Link to Original Record
Record ID
npg_NPG.70.42