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Rainbow Serpent

African Art Museum

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    Object Details

    Maker

    Romuald Hazoumè, born 1962, Benin

    Label Text

    Romuald Hazoumè fashions a monumental, predatory creature—the rainbow serpent—out of recycled jerry cans that are typically used to carry gasoline. He addresses in this and other work the exploitation of human and natural resources and how this affects communities around the world and over time, including the horrors of the transatlantic slave trade centuries ago and its economic equivalents today.
    The circular image of the rainbow serpent swallowing its tail is a powerful symbol among Fon and Yoruba peoples in Benin and Nigeria, where it refers to spiritual forces and positive ideas about fertility, prosperity, and the eternal cycle of life. Rather than embodying the incandescent beauty that one typically associates with rainbows, Hazoumè’s “Rainbow Serpent” feels reptilian in a scientific way and is somewhat frightening in its visual impact. The work communicates an aggressive, terrorizing quality and a real sense of power, emphasized by its monumental size. According to the artist, “The body of my serpent has been made with dozens of masks representing all the slaves of the world in all their diverse forms.” The work suggests the vicious cycle of exploitation and suffering eternally wrought on the general populace by those in power.

    Description

    Monumental, circular sculpture of a serpent swallowing its tail. The sculpture is made with a multi-part metal interior framework of interlocking metal pipes and an exterior ‘skin’ of repurposed plastic jerry cans joined together in sections with copper wire; an iron open-topped box to hold weights for counter-balance serves as the interior of the serpent’s head, which can be attached to a steel plate for stability.

    Provenance

    October Gallery, 2013

    Exhibition History

    Visionary: Viewpoints on Africa's Arts, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., November 4, 2017-ongoing
    African Cosmos: Stellar Arts, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., June 20-December 9, 2012; Newark Museum, February 26-August 11, 2013; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, August 23-November 30, 2014; Michael C. Carlos Museum at Emory University, Atlanta, January 31-June 21, 2015 (exhibited at NMAfA and Newark Museum)
    ARS 11, KIASMA, Museum of Contemporary Art, Helsinki, Finland, 2011
    Romuald Hazoumè: My Paradise--Made in Porto-Novo, Herbert Gerisch Stiftung, Neumünster, Germany (solo exhibition), 2010
    Uncomfortable Truths: The Shadow of Slave Trading on Contemporary Art and Design, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2007

    Published References

    Hudson, Lynn M. 2007. "Inhuman Traffic: The Business of the Slave Trade." The Journal of American History 94 (3), Exhibition review, p. 887.
    Jacobs, Caroline. 2008. "Uncomfortable Truths: The Shadow of Slave Trading on Contemporary Art & Design, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2007." African Arts 41 (2), Exhibition Review, p. 93.
    Kreamer, Christine Mullen. 2012. "African Cosmos: Stellar Arts." Washington, DC: Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, in association with Monacelli Press, New York. Rainbow Serpent illustrated and discussed pp. 303-305.

    Content Statement

    As part of our commitment to accessibility and transparency, the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art is placing its collection records online. Please note that some records are incomplete (missing image or content descriptions) and others reflect out-of-date language or systems of thought regarding how to engage with and discuss cultural heritage and the specifics of individual artworks. If you see content requiring immediate action, we will do our best to address it in a timely manner. Please email nmafacuratorial@si.edu if you have any questions.

    Image Requests

    High resolution digital images are not available for some objects. For publication quality photography and permissions, please contact the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives at https://africa.si.edu/research/eliot-elisofon-photographic-archives/

    Credit Line

    Purchased with funds provided by the Annie Laurie Aitken Endowment

    Date

    2007

    Object number

    2013-1-1

    Restrictions & Rights

    Usage conditions apply

    Copyright

    © 2007 Romuald Hazoumè

    Type

    Sculpture

    Medium

    Mixed media and found objects

    Dimensions

    Installed: 375.9 x 449.6 x 106.7 cm (148 x 177 x 42 in.)

    Geography

    Benin

    See more items in

    National Museum of African Art Collection

    Exhibition

    Visionary: Viewpoints on Africa's Arts

    On View

    NMAfA, Second Level Gallery (2193)

    Data Source

    National Museum of African Art

    Topic

    snake

    Metadata Usage

    Usage conditions apply

    Link to Original Record

    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ys71eeb46ea-d8f2-40b3-b833-6cef5c966250

    Record ID

    nmafa_2013-1-1

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