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Liberty 12 Model A (Ford) V-12 Engine

Air and Space Museum

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  • Angled side view of gray engine. Six cylinders on either side of the engine make a V shape.
  • Side view of gray engine. Pipe runs down side of engine and intersects with each cylinder.
  • Angled view of back of gray engine. Gray pipe runs past black panel that reads Liberty 12
  • Side view of gray engine. Crank shaft on left side, rust visible all over the engine.

    Object Details

    Designer

    Elbert J. Hall

    Manufacturer

    Ford Motor Company

    Designer

    Jesse G. Vincent

    Physical Description

    Type: Reciprocating, V-type, 12 cylinders, water cooled
    Power rating: 298 kW (400 hp) at 1,800 rpm
    Displacement: 27 L (1,649 cu in.)
    Bore and Stroke: 127 mm (5 in.) x 178 mm (7 in.)
    Weight: 383 kg (844 lb)

    Summary

    The Liberty engine was America's most important contribution to aeronautical technology during World War I. Jesse G. Vincent of Packard and Elbert J. Hall of Hall-Scott co-designed it in mid-1917 for the U.S. government, which wanted a standard design in 4-, 6-, 8-, and 12-cylinder versions that could be quickly mass-produced to equip U.S. combat aircraft. Automakers Ford, Lincoln, Packard, Marmon, and Buick produced 20,748 Liberty 12s before the Armistice, which insured their widespread use into the 1920s and '30s.
    This is one of the four Ford Motor Co. Liberty 12 Model A's that powered the Navy-Curtiss NC-4, the first aircraft to cross the Atlantic Ocean, May 16-31, 1919. The Model A also powered such aircraft as the de Havilland DH-4, Fokker T2, Loening Model 23, Douglas World Cruiser, Douglas M-1 Mailplane, and Curtiss H-16 flying boat.

    Long Description

    Ford Liberty 12 Model A
    The Liberty engine was America's most important contribution to aeronautical technology during World War I. Jesse G. Vincent of Packard and Elbert J. Hall of Hall-Scott co-designed it in mid-1917 for the U.S. government, which wanted a standard design in 4-, 6-, 8-, and 12-cylinder versions that could be quickly mass-produced to equip U.S. combat aircraft. Automakers Ford, Lincoln, Packard, Marmon, and Buick produced 20,748 Liberty 12s before the Armistice, which insured their widespread use into the 1920s and '30s.
    This is one of the four Liberty 12 Model A's that powered the Navy-Curtiss NC-4, the first aircraft to cross the Atlantic Ocean, May 16-31, 1919. The Model A also powered such aircraft as the de Havilland DH-4, Fokker T2, Loening Model 23, Douglas World Cruiser, Douglas M-1 Mailplane, and Curtiss H-16 flying boat.
    Transferred from the U.S. Navy, Bureau of Aeronautics
    Type: reciprocating, 12 cylinders, V-type, liquid cooled
    Power rating: 298 kW (400 hp) at 1,800 rpm
    Displacement: 27 L (1,649 cu in)
    Weight: 383 kg (844 lb)
    Manufacturer: Ford Motor Co., Detroit, Mich.
    A19230029000

    Credit Line

    Transferred from the U.S. Navy Department, Bureau of Aeronautics, Washington, D.C.

    Date

    1919

    Inventory Number

    A19230029000

    Restrictions & Rights

    Usage conditions apply

    Type

    PROPULSION-Reciprocating & Rotary

    Materials

    Metal

    Dimensions

    Length 171.1 cm (67.375 in.), Width 68.6 cm (27.0 in.), Height 105.4 cm (41.5 in.)

    Country of Origin

    United States of America

    See more items in

    National Air and Space Museum Collection

    Location

    Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, VA

    Hangar

    Boeing Aviation Hangar

    Data Source

    National Air and Space Museum

    Metadata Usage

    Not determined

    Link to Original Record

    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nv9140ccba5-9e84-40da-8cf5-01117bfae307

    Record ID

    nasm_A19230029000

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