Object Details
Artist
Betsy Graves Reyneau, 6 Jun 1888 - 18 Oct 1964
Copy after
Robert S. Scurlock, 1916 - 1994 (Photographer)
Sitter
Charles Richard Drew, 3 Jun 1904 - 1 Apr 1950
Exhibition Label
Born Washington, D.C.
Dr. Charles Drew, the physician responsible for groundbreaking work in the preservation and storage of blood, is universally recognized as the “Father of the Blood Bank.” In 1940, as German bombs rained down during World War II (1939–45), Great Britain was in desperate need of blood supplies for thousands of its military and civilian casualties. To cope with this crisis, Britain turned to Drew. Under the auspices of the Blood for Britain Project, he rapidly organized the collection and shipment of more than 5,000 liters of plasma.
In 1941, Drew became the medical director of the American Red Cross’s dried plasma project. Thanks to his expertise, the enterprise saved countless lives during the war. Yet when the Red Cross ordered that blood from Black donors be stored separately, Drew resigned, correctly stating that there were no scientific or medical reasons for classifying blood by race.
Nacido en Washington D.C.
Al Dr. Charles Drew, pionero en trabajos de conservación y almacenaje de sangre, se le reconoce mundialmente como "el padre del banco de sangre”. En 1940, mientras llovían bombas alemanas durante la 2a Guerra Mundial (1939–45), Gran Bretaña necesitaba con urgencia suministros de sangre para miles de heridos militares y civiles. Ante la crisis, recurrieron a Drew. Con el auspicio del Proyecto Sangre para Gran Bretaña, Drew organizó rápidamente la recolección y envío de más de 5,000 litros de plasma.
En 1941 Drew pasó a ser director médico del proyecto de plasma liofilizado de la Cruz Roja Americana. Gracias a sus conocimientos, el proyecto salvó innumerables vidas durante la guerra. Pero cuando la Cruz Roja ordenó que la sangre de donantes negros se almacenara por separado, Drew renunció y declaró, con razón, que no hay causa científica ni médica para clasificar la sangre por razas.
Provenance
Harmon Foundation commission; gift 1967 to NPG.
Collection Description
The Harmon Foundation, a philanthropic organization based in New York City (active 1922–1967), included this portrait in their exhibition Portraits of Outstanding Americans of Negro Origin, which opened at the Smithsonian in 1944 and documented noteworthy African Americans’ contributions to the country. Modeling their goal of social equality, the Harmon sought portraits from African American artist Laura Wheeler Waring and Euro-American artist Betsy Graves Reyneau. The two painters followed the conventional codes of academic portraiture, seeking to convey their sitters’ extraordinary accomplishments. This painting, along with a variety of educational materials, toured nation-wide for ten years, serving as a visual rebuttal to racism.
La Harmon Foundation, entidad filantrópica con sede en la ciudad de Nueva York (activa entre 1922 y 1967), incluyó este retrato en Portraits of Outstanding Americans of Negro Origin (Retratos de estadounidenses destacados de origen negro), una exposición inaugurada en la Smithsonian en 1944 que documentó las aportaciones de afroamericanos notables al país. A tono con sus ideales de igualdad social, la fundación encargó retratos a la artista afroamericana Laura Wheeler Waring y a la euroamericana Betsy Graves Reyneau. Ambas adoptaron los códigos convencionales del retrato académico para comunicar en sus obras los logros extraordinarios de sus modelos. Esta pintura, junto con diversos materiales educativos, viajó por la nación durante diez años planteando una impugnación visual del racismo.
Credit Line
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of the Harmon Foundation
Date
1953
Object number
NPG.67.35
Restrictions & Rights
Usage conditions apply
Copyright
© Peter Edward Fayard
Type
Painting
Medium
Oil on canvas
Dimensions
Sight: 100.8 x 75.1cm (39 11/16 x 29 9/16")
Frame: 114.5 x 88.9 x 3.5cm (45 1/16 x 35 x 1 3/8")
See more items in
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Exhibition
20th Century Americans: 1930-1960
On View
NPG, South Gallery 321
Data Source
National Portrait Gallery
Topic
Home Furnishings\Furniture\Table
Equipment\Drafting & Writing Implements\Writing implement\Pen
Interior\Laboratory
Equipment\Laboratory Equipment\Test tube
Equipment\Laboratory Equipment\Microscope
Equipment\Laboratory Equipment\Lab Coat
Costume\Dress Accessory\Neckwear\Tie\Necktie
Charles Richard Drew: Male
Charles Richard Drew: Medicine and Health\Physician\Surgeon
Charles Richard Drew: Arts and Culture\Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\University
Charles Richard Drew: Medicine and Health\Medical researcher
Portrait
Link to Original Record
Record ID
npg_NPG.67.35